I’ve always been fascinated by historical documents. The thrill of holding an old manuscript, patent, or handwritten letter and uncovering the story it carries is like traveling through time. Over the years, I became an avid collector of these artifacts, from 19th-century French patents to century-old family letters, driven by a passion to research and preserve them for the future. Each document in my collection felt like a critical piece of history that I was responsible for safeguarding and understanding. However, as my archive grew, so did a realization: preserving and understanding these documents are two very different challenges.

The Problem

The first challenge I faced was simply reading and translating the content of these historical papers. Many were handwritten in old-fashioned cursive or in foreign languages (like French, or German), making them hard to decipher. Before the age of AI, the process of transcription and translation was tedious and slow. For years, I spent a significant amount of money hiring native speakers to translate my old French patents and letters. These documents were often so technical and nuanced that only specialized translators with historical expertise could do them justice. Even with the best professionals, the turnaround was slow, expensive, and sometimes inaccurate due to the archaic terminology and challenging handwriting. It wasn’t just me. Any researcher working with primary sources knows the pain. Scholars might spend weeks painstakingly transcribing a single letter or journal entry by hand, time that could have been spent analyzing the content. And if the document was in a language you didn’t know, you either had to find a translator or risk missing out on valuable information.

My own workflow for dealing with these papers was clunky at best. I would scan or photograph the pages, then try a patchwork of tools and services: maybe an OCR program (which often choked on elaborate 1800s handwriting), followed by Google Translate for printed text, or sending images via email to a translator for the really tough scripts. Often, I ended up with pieces of the puzzle in different places – a text file here, a translation there – which I’d then have to compile and proofread. It could take an entire afternoon to get through a single page of a letter, and a full patent dossier could occupy me for days or weeks. All this drudgery was the price to pay for pursuing the hobby I loved.